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Definition Field Listing Rank
Order
Background: |
Both the US and the Kingdom of Hawaii annexed
Johnston Atoll in 1858, but it was the US that mined the guano
deposits until the late 1880s. Johnston and Sand Islands were
designated wildlife refuges in 1926. The US Navy took over the atoll
in 1934, and subsequently the US Air Force assumed control in 1948.
The site was used for high-altitude nuclear tests in the 1950s and
1960s, and until late in 2000 the atoll was maintained as a storage
and disposal site for chemical weapons. Munitions destruction is now
complete. Cleanup and closure of the facility is progressing, with
completion anticipated in 2004. Learn geography the easy way by playing ZL's Geographycards (www.geographycards.com)
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Population: |
396 no
indigenous inhabitants note: in previous years, there was
an average of 1,100 US military and civilian contractor personnel
present; as of September 2001, population had decreased
significantly when US Army Chemical Activity Pacific (USACAP)
departed; as of January 2004 the island population was just above
200 personnel, including US Air Force, US Fish and Wildlife Service,
and civilian contractor personnel (July 2004 est.) Learn geography the easy way by playing ZL's Geographycards (www.geographycards.com)
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Country name: |
conventional long form: none conventional short
form: Johnston Atoll |
Dependency status: |
unincorporated territory of the US; administered from Honolulu,
HI, by Pacific Air Forces, Hickam Air Force Base, and the Fish and
Wildlife Service of the US Department of the Interior as part of the
National Wildlife Refuge system |
Legal system: |
the laws of
the US, where applicable, apply |
Flag description: |
the flag of
the US is used Learn geography the easy way by playing ZL's Geographycards (www.geographycards.com)
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Disputes - international: |
none
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